What is submuscular vs subglandular placement?
Submuscular placement positions an implant beneath the pectoralis major muscle, while subglandular placement positions it directly under the breast tissue but above the muscle.
These two techniques describe where a breast implant sits in relation to the chest wall anatomy. Subglandular placement (also called sub-breast) positions the implant behind the breast gland tissue but in front of the pectoralis major muscle. Submuscular placement positions the implant completely behind the muscle, tucked underneath the pectoralis major and partially under the serratus anterior muscle.
The choice between them affects both the appearance and recovery. Subglandular placement typically allows for a quicker recovery, smaller incision options, and direct control over implant positioning. Submuscular placement provides additional tissue coverage over the implant, which can reduce visibility of implant edges and rippling, and may lower the long-term risk of capsular contracture (hardening of scar tissue around the implant).
Each placement carries different considerations regarding animation (muscle movement affecting implant shape), scar tissue formation, and how the implant ages. A surgeon's recommendation depends on factors including the patient's existing breast tissue, chest wall anatomy, implant size, and personal goals. Ontario plastic surgeons assess each patient's anatomy individually to determine which plane offers the best balance of natural appearance and durability for their specific case. Breast augmentation providers in the province can discuss these options during consultation.